New methods to quantify NH3 volatilization from fertilized surface soil with urea

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

Ana Carolina Alves²  Patrícia Perondi Anchão Oliveira¹  Valdo Rodrigues Herling¹  Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin¹  Pedro Henrique De Cerqueira Luz¹  Teresa Cristina Alves¹  Ramon Cellin Rochetti¹  Waldomiro Barioni Júnior¹ 

[1],State University of Mato Grosso do SulCassilândia MS

关键词: fertilizer-N;    ammonia absorber;    15N;    NH3-N loss;    fertilizante nitrogenado;    absorvedor de amônia;    15N;    perdas de N-NH3;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0100-06832011000100012

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Gaseous N losses from soil are considerable, resulting mostly from ammonia volatilization linked to agricultural activities such as pasture fertilization. The use of simple and accessible measurement methods of such losses is fundamental in the evaluation of the N cycle in agricultural systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate quantification methods of NH3 volatilization from fertilized surface soil with urea, with minimal influence on the volatilization processes. The greenhouse experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 13 treatments and five replications, with the following treatments: (1) Polyurethane foam (density 20 kg m-3) with phosphoric acid solution absorber (foam absorber), installed 1, 5, 10 and 20 cm above the soil surface; (2) Paper filter with sulfuric acid solution absorber (paper absorber, 1, 5, 10 and 20 cm above the soil surface); (3) Sulfuric acid solution absorber (1, 5 and 10 cm above the soil surface); (4) Semi-open static collector; (5) 15N balance (control). The foam absorber placed 1 cm above the soil surface estimated the real daily rate of loss and accumulated loss of NH3N and proved efficient in capturing NH3 volatized from urea-treated soil. The estimates based on acid absorbers 1, 5 and 10 cm above the soil surface and paper absorbers 1 and 5 cm above the soil surface were only realistic for accumulated N-NH3 losses. Foam absorbers can be indicated to quantify accumulated and daily rates of NH3 volatilization losses similarly to an open static chamber, making calibration equations or correction factors unnecessary.

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