Oral Candida flora from Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

Nr Melo²  H Taguchi¹  J Jorge²  Rj Pedro¹  Op Almeida²  K Fukushima¹  K Nishimura¹  M Miyaji¹ 

[1] ,Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Departamento de Patologia Oral Piracicaba SP ,Brasil

关键词: Candida;    human immunodeficiency virus;    antifungal drug;    Brazil;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0074-02762004000400014

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

One of the main opportunistic fungal infections amongst immunocompromised individuals is oral candidosis, which has been found in up to 90% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. This study employed yeasts isolated from the saliva and oral cavities of 114 HIV-infected patients living in Campinas, São Paulo. Of the isolates, 57.8% were identified as Candida albicans and 42.1% as non-C. albicans. The latter isolates were subsequently identified as C. krusei (7.5%), C. lusitaniae (5.2%), C. tropicalis (4.6%), C. parapsilosis (4.6%), C. glabrata (2.8%), C. kefyr (1.7%), C. guilliermondii (1.7%), C. intermedia (1.1%), C. norvegensis (0.5%), and Rhodotorula rubra (1.7%). Susceptibility of the isolates to amphotericin B, fluconazole, miconazole, and itraconazole was also determined by a microdilution method adopted by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. The isolates demonstrated various susceptibilities to the antifungal agents. In particular 29 C. albicans and 13 non-C. albicans isolates showed low susceptibility to FLCZ (> 64 µg/ml). This study revealed huge diversity of Candida species, in particular the increasing emergence of non-C. albicans associated with the oral flora of HIV-infected patients.

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