Clinical-epidemiological study of leptospirosis in humans and reservoirs in Yucatán, México

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

Ignacio Vado-solÍs²  María F. CÁrdenas-marrufo²  Bertha JimÉnez-delgadillo²  Alejandro Alzina-lÓpez¹  Hugo Laviada-molina²  Víctor Suarez-solÍs²  Jorge E. Zavala-velÁzquez² 

[1] ,University of Yucatán School of Medicine Department of Tropical Pathology,México

关键词: Leptospirosis;    Prevalence;    Incidence;    Cases;    México;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0036-46652002000600008

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

A leptospirosis clinical-epidemiological study was made in humans and reservoirs in the state of Yucatán, México. Interviews and serological analyses were made on 400 persons from an open population, 439 probable cases of leptospirosis and 1060 animal reservoirs (cows, pigs, dogs, rats and opossums). IgM Leptospira DipstickTM and Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) was used to detect human antibodies to leptospiras and serovar respectively. Leptospirosis incidence in humans was 2.2/100,000 inhab. in 1998, 0.7/100,000 in 1999 and 0.9/100,000 in 2000. Overall seroprevalence was 14.2%, relatively unchanged from seroprevalences observed 20 years ago. Highest seropositivity was found in people over 56 years of age, predominating males over females. Predominant serovars in the open population were tarassovi, hardjo, pomona and panama. Leptospirosis cases were most frequent in rural areas, and the anicteric course predominated over the icteric. The panama, icterohaemorrhagiae and pomona serovars predominated in both anicteric and icteric courses. Dogs, pigs and rodents had the highest seropositivity among the reservoirs. Contact with rodents and natural water sources were significant factors (p £ 0.05). Human cases (74%) occurred during the rainy season. It is concluded that leptospirosis is still a serious illness with important clinical and epidemiological implications in the state of Yucatán, Mexico.

【 授权许可】

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