Etiology and severity of community acquired pneumonia in children from Uruguay: a 4-year study

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

Maria Hortal²  Adela Suarez¹  Cristina Deleon¹  Miguel Estevan¹  Maria Cristina Mogdasy¹  José Carlos Russi²  Myriam Contera¹  Miguel Meny¹ 

[1] ,Central Public Health Laboratory

关键词: Pneumonia;    Hemophilus influenzae;    Streptococcus pneumoniae;    Viral pneumonia;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0036-46651994000300010

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

The 4-year study (1987-1990) covered the major clinical-epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia in children as diagnosed at the emergency service of the Children's Hospital, as well as etiologies, and factors involved in the most severe cases. Etiology was determined in 47.7% of the 541 pneumonia cases, involving 283 pathogens of which 38.6% were viruses and 12.6% bacteria. Viral and mixed etiologies were more frequent in children under 12 months of age. Bacteria predominated in ages between 6 and 23 months. Among the viruses, respiratory syncytial virus predominated (66%). The bacterial pneumonias accounted for 12.2% of the recognized etiologies. The most important bacterial agents were S. pneumoniae (64%) and H. influenzae (19%). H. influenzae and mixed infections had a relevant participation during the 1988 season, pointing to annual variations in the relative participation of pathogens and its possible implication in severity of diseases. Correlation of severity and increased percentage of etiological diagnosis was assessed: patients with respiratory rates over 70 rpm, or pleural effusion and/or extensive pulmonary parenchyma compromise yielded higher positive laboratory results. Various individual and family risk factors were recognized when comparing pneumonia children with healthy controls.

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