Human neutrophil alloantigens systems

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

Elyse Moritz¹  Ângela M. M. I. Norcia¹  José D. B. Cardone¹  Sachie T. Kuwano¹  Akemi K. Chiba¹  Mihoko Yamamoto¹  José O. Bordin¹ 

[1] ,Universidade Federal de São PauloSão Paulo SP ,Brasil

关键词: neutrophil antigens;    blood transfusion;    alloimmunization;    transfusion reaction;    neutropenia;    antígenos de neutrófilos;    transfusão sanguínea;    aloimunização;    reação transfusional;    neutropenia;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0001-37652009000300019

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Neutrophil alloantigens are involved in a variety of clinical conditions including immune neutropenias, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), refractoriness to granulocyte transfusions and febrile transfusion reactions. In the last decade, considerable progress has been made in the characterization of the implicated antigens. Currently, seven antigens are assigned to five human neutrophil antigen (HNA) systems. The HNA-1a, HNA-1b and HNA-1c antigens have been identified as polymorphic forms of the neutrophil Fcγ receptor IIIb (CD16b), encoded by three alleles. Recently, the primary structure of the HNA-2a antigen was elucidated and the HNA-2a-bearing glycoprotein was identified as a member of the Ly-6/uPAR superfamily, which has been clustered as CD177. The HNA-3a antigen is located on a 70-95 kDa glycoprotein; however, its molecular basis is still unknown. Finally, the HNA-4a and HNA-5a antigens were found to be caused by single nucleotide mutations in the αM (CD11b) and αL (CD11a) subunits of the leucocyte adhesion molecules (β2 integrins). Molecular and biochemical characterization of neutrophil antigenshave expanded our diagnostic tools by the introduction of genotyping techniques and immunoassays for antibody identification. Further studies in the field of neutrophil immunology will facilitate the prevention and management of transfusion reactions and immune diseases caused by neutrophil antibodies.

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