Genotypes and public health potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis in crab-eating macaques

Parasites & Vectors

Na Li¹  Lihua Xiao¹  Yaqiong Guo¹  Jianguo Zhao²  Yuanyuan Feng³  Li Chen³  Yaoyu Feng⁴ 

[1] 0000 0000 9546 5767, grid.20561.30, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China;0000 0001 0373 6302, grid.428986.9, Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, 570228, Haikou, Hainan, China;0000 0001 2163 4895, grid.28056.39, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Resource and Environmental, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China;0000 0001 2163 4895, grid.28056.39, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Resource and Environmental, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China;0000 0000 9546 5767, grid.20561.30, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China;

关键词: Enterocytozoon bieneusi;    Giardia duodenalis;    Genotypes;    Multi-locus genotyping;    Crab-eating macaques;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13071-019-3511-y

来源: publisher

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundEnterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis are common human and animal pathogens. Studies have increasingly shown that non-human primates (NHPs) are common hosts of these two zoonotic parasites. However, few studies have explored the genetic diversity and public health potential of these pathogens in laboratory monkeys. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of the two pathogens in crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in a commercial facility in Hainan, China.ResultsEnterocytozoon bieneusi and G. duodenalis were detected by PCR analysis in 461/1452 (31.7%) and 469/1452 (32.3%) fecal specimens from the animals, respectively. Significantly higher detection rates of E. bieneusi were detected in males (36.5%, 258/706) than in females (26.7%, 160/599; χ2 = 14.391, P = 0.0001), in animals with loose stools (41.4%, 151/365) than those with normal stool (28.5%, 310/1087; χ2 = 20.83, P < 0.0001), and in animals of over 3 years of age (38.6%, 135/350) than those of 1–3 years (29.6%, 326/1,102; χ2 = 9.90, P = 0.0016). For G. duodenalis, the detection rate in males (33.4%, 236/706) was higher than in females but not statistically significant (30.2%, 181/599; χ2 = 1.54, P = 0.2152), in monkeys with loose stools (41.1%, 150/365) than those with normal stools (29.3%, 319/1087; χ2 = 17.25, P < 0.0001), and in monkeys of 1–3 years of age (36.6%, 403/1102) than those over 3 years (18.9%, 66/350; χ2 = 38.11, P < 0.0001). Nine E. bieneusi genotypes were detected in this study by DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer of the rRNA gene, namely Type IV (236/461), Peru8 (42/461), Pongo2 (27/461), Peru11 (12/461), D (4/461) and PigEbITS7 (1/461) previously seen in NHPs as well as humans, and CM1 (119/461), CM2 (17/461) and CM3 (3/461) that had been only detected in NHPs. DNA sequence analyses of the tpi, gdh and bg loci identified all G. duodenalis specimens as having assemblage B. Altogether, eight (4 known and 4 new), seven (6 known and 1 new) and seven (4 known and 3 new) subtypes were seen at the tpi, gdh and bg loci, leading to the detection of 53 multi-locus genotypes (MLG-B-hn01 to MLG-B-hn53). Most of them were genetically related to those previously seen in common Old-World monkeys.ConclusionsData from this study indicate a common occurrence of zoonotic genotypes of E. bieneusi and assemblage B of G. duodenalis in farmed crab-eating macaques in Hainan, China.

【 授权许可】

CC BY