Vitamin D and Calcium Insufficiency-Related Chronic Diseases: an Emerging World-Wide Public Health Problem

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Meinrad Peterlik²  Steven Boonen¹  Heide S. Cross² 

[1] Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Leuven University, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium; E-Mail:;Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria; E-Mail:

关键词: vitamin D status;    calcium intake;    25-hydroxyvitamin D;    1;    25-dihydroxyvitamin D;    calcium-sensing receptor;    osteoporosis;    colorectal cancer;    breast cancer;    prevention;    food fortification;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph6102585

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Vitamin D and calcium insufficiencies are risk factors for multiple chronic diseases. Data from 46 recent studies from Europe, North America, South-East Asia and the South Pacific area clearly indicate that a low vitamin D status and inadequate calcium nutrition are highly prevalent in the general population (30–80%), affecting both genders. The extent of insufficiencies is particularly high in older populations, and in some geographical areas, also in children and in young women of child-bearing age, in ethnic minorities and immigrants, as well as in people of low socio-economic status. Enrichment of cereal grain products with vitamin D and calcium would be a viable approach to increase consumption and improve health outcomes in the general population worldwide.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2009 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.