Activation of the Antiviral Kinase PKR and Viral Countermeasures

Viruses

Bianca Dauber¹ 

[1] Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, 632 Heritage Medical Research Center, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada

关键词: PKR;    virus;    dsRNA;    innate immunity;    immune evasion;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v1030523

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The interferon-induced double-stranded (ds)RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) limits viral replication by an eIF2α-mediated block of translation. Although many negative-strand RNA viruses activate PKR, the responsible RNAs have long remained elusive, as dsRNA, the canonical activator of PKR, has not been detected in cells infected with such viruses. In this review we focus on the activating RNA molecules of different virus families, in particular the negative-strand RNA viruses. We discuss the recently identified non-canonical activators 5’-triphosphate RNA and the vRNP of influenza virus and give an update on strategies of selected RNA and DNA viruses to prevent activation of PKR.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
©2009 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland