Sensors | |
New Passive Instruments Developed for Ocean Monitoring at the Remote Sensing Lab—Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya | |
Adriano Camps1  Xavier Bosch-Lluis2  Isaac Ramos-Perez2  Juan F. Marchán-Hernández2  Nereida Rodríguez2  Enric Valencia2  Jose M. Tarongi2  Albert Aguasca2  | |
[1] Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya & IEEC/CRAE-UPC Campus Nord D3, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; | |
关键词: microwave radiometers; global navigation satellite reflectometers; GNSS-R; ocean; salinity; sea state; payload; | |
DOI : 10.3390/s91210171 | |
来源: mdpi | |
【 摘 要 】
Lack of frequent and global observations from space is currently a limiting factor in many Earth Observation (EO) missions. Two potential techniques that have been proposed nowadays are: (1) the use of satellite constellations, and (2) the use of Global Navigation Satellite Signals (GNSS) as signals of opportunity (no transmitter required). Reflectometry using GNSS opportunity signals (GNSS-R) was originally proposed in 1993 by Martin-Neira (ESA-ESTEC) for altimetry applications, but later its use for wind speed determination has been proposed, and more recently to perform the sea state correction required in sea surface salinity retrievals by means of L-band microwave radiometry (TB). At present, two EO space-borne missions are currently planned to be launched in the near future: (1) ESA's SMOS mission, using a Y-shaped synthetic aperture radiometer, launch date November 2nd, 2009, and (2) NASA-CONAE AQUARIUS/SAC-D mission, using a three beam push-broom radiometer. In the SMOS mission, the multi-angle observation capabilities allow to simultaneously retrieve not only the surface salinity, but also the surface temperature and an “effective” wind speed that minimizes the differences between observations and models. In AQUARIUS, an L-band scatterometer measuring the radar backscatter (σ0) will be used to perform the necessary sea state corrections. However, none of these approaches are fully satisfactory, since the effective wind speed captures some sea surface roughness effects, at the expense of introducing another variable to be retrieved, and on the other hand the plots (TB-σ0) present a large scattering. In 2003, the Passive Advance Unit for ocean monitoring (
【 授权许可】
CC BY
© 2009 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.
【 预 览 】
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RO202003190055634ZK.pdf | 2910KB | download |