Alterations of MicroRNAs in Solid Cancers and Their Prognostic Value

Cancers

Panagiota Chira¹  Katerina Vareli¹  Ioannis Sainis¹  Christos Papandreou² 

[1] Human Cancer Biobank Center, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina 45110, Greece; E-Mails:;School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 22 Papakiriazi, Larissa 41222, Greece; E-Mail:

关键词: microRNA;    prognostic biomarkers;    cancer;    solid tumors;    gene-silencing;    negative-regulation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers2021328

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved, naturally abundant, small, regulatory non-coding RNAs that inhibit gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in a sequence-specific manner. Each miRNA represses the protein expression of several coding genes in a manner proportional to the sequence complementarity with the target transcripts. MicroRNAs play key regulatory roles in organismal development and homeostasis. They control fundamental biological processes, such as stem-cell regulation and cellular metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, stress resistance, and apoptosis. Differential miRNA expression is found in malignant tumors in comparison to normal tissue counterparts. This indicates that miRNA deregulation contributes to the initiation and progression of cancer. Currently, miRNA expression signatures are being rigorously investigated in various tumor types, with the aim of developing novel, efficient biomarkers that can improve clinical management of cancer patients. This review discusses deregulated miRNAs in solid tumors, and focuses on their emerging prognostic potential.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2010 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.