Walleye Dermal Sarcoma Virus: Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis

Viruses

Joel Rovnak¹ 

[1] Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 80523, USA

关键词: retrovirus;    epsilonretrovirus;    oncogenesis;    walleye dermal sarcoma virus;    fish;    retroviral cyclin;    RACK1;    apoptosis;    mitochondria;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v2091984

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Retroviruses have been detected in most vertebrate species and are etiologic agents of a variety of neoplastic diseases. The study of retroviruses has been instrumental in uncovering the molecular mechanisms responsible for oncogenesis. Retroviruses have been isolated from three neoplastic diseases in fish, two of which affect the dermis and regress naturally coincident with spawning. This feature provides a unique model to study mechanisms of tumor development and regression. Three complex retroviruses, isolated from walleye (Sander vitreus) with dermal sarcoma and epidermal hyperplasia, are the members of the newest retroviral genus, Epsilonretrovirus. Three accessory proteins, encoded by walleye dermal sarcoma virus (WDSV), function in the regulation of host and viral gene expression and cell cycle, alter cell-signaling pathways to promote cell proliferation and block apoptosis, and, finally, induce apoptosis through dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.