Food Intake and Dietary Glycaemic Index in Free-Living Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrients

Susan C. McGeoch³  Grietje Holtrop¹  Claire Fyfe⁴  Gerald E. Lobley⁴  Donald W. M. Pearson³  Prakash Abraham³  Ian L. Megson²  Sandra M. MacRury² 

[1]Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK

[2]Department of Diabetes & Cardiovascular Science, University of Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK

[3]Department of Diabetes, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK

[4]The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK

关键词: type 2 diabetes mellitus;    diet;    glycaemic index;    lifestyle;    food intake;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu3060683

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

A recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are limited UK data regarding the dietary GI in free-living adults with and without T2DM. We measured the energy and macronutrient intake and the dietary GI in a group (n = 19) of individuals with diet controlled T2DM and a group (n = 19) without diabetes, matched for age, BMI and gender. Subjects completed a three-day weighed dietary record. Patients with T2DM consumed more daily portions of wholegrains (2.3 vs. 1.1, P = 0.003), more dietary fibre (32.1 vs. 20.9 g, P < 0.001) and had a lower diet GI (53.5 vs. 57.7, P = 0.009) than subjects without T2DM. Both groups had elevated fat and salt intake and low fruit and vegetable intake, relative to current UK recommendations. Conclusions: Patients with T2DM may already consume a lower GI diet than the general population but further efforts are needed to reduce dietary GI and achieve other nutrient targets.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.