Pharmacological Aspects of Vipera xantina palestinae Venom

Toxins

Tatjana Momic²  Franziska T. Arlinghaus¹  Hadar Arien-Zakay²  Jeoshua Katzhendler²  Johannes A. Eble¹  Cezary Marcinkiewicz³ 

[1] Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Vascular Matrix Biology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany;School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;Department of Biology, Temple University College of Science and Technology, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;

关键词: Viperaxantinapalestinae;    venom;    neurotoxin;    hemorrhagin;    integrin inhibitors;    antivenom;   

DOI  :  10.3390/toxins3111420

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

In Israel, Vipera xantina palestinae (V.x.p.) is the most common venomous snake, accounting for several hundred cases of envenomation in humans and domestic animals every year, with a mortality rate of 0.5 to 2%. In this review we will briefly address the research developments relevant to our present understanding of the structure and function of V.x.p. venom with emphasis on venom disintegrins. Venom proteomics indicated the presence of four families of pharmacologically active compounds: (i) neurotoxins; (ii) hemorrhagins; (iii) angioneurin growth factors; and (iv) different types of integrin inhibitors. Viperistatin, a α1β1selective KTS disintegrin and VP12, a α2β1 selective C-type lectin were discovered. These snake venom proteins represent promising tools for research and development of novel collagen receptor selective drugs. These discoveries are also relevant for future improvement of antivenom therapy towards V.x.p. envenomation.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.