Insects | |
Insect Sex Determination Manipulated by Their Endosymbionts: Incidences, Mechanisms and Implications | |
Daisuke Kageyama1  Satoko Narita2  | |
[1] Insect-Microbe Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), Owashi 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan; | |
关键词:
endosymbiont;
feminization;
insect;
male killing;
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DOI : 10.3390/insects3010161 | |
来源: mdpi | |
【 摘 要 】
The sex-determining systems of arthropods are surprisingly diverse. Some species have male or female heterogametic sex chromosomes while other species do not have sex chromosomes. Most species are diploids but some species, including wasps, ants, thrips and mites, are haplodiploids (n in males; 2n in females). Many of the sexual aberrations, such as sexual mosaics, sex-specific lethality and conversion of sexuality, can be explained by developmental defects including double fertilization of a binucleate egg, loss of a sex chromosome or perturbation of sex-determining gene expression, which occur accidentally or are induced by certain environmental conditions. However, recent studies have revealed that such sexual aberrations can be caused by various groups of vertically-transmitted endosymbiotic microbes such as bacteria of the genera
【 授权许可】
CC BY
© 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
【 预 览 】
Files | Size | Format | View |
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RO202003190045931ZK.pdf | 355KB | download |