Marine Drugs | |
Marine Bioactives: Pharmacological Properties and Potential Applications against Inflammatory Diseases | |
Nicolantonio D’Orazio1  Maria Alessandra Gammone1  Eugenio Gemello1  Massimo De Girolamo1  Salvatore Cusenza1  | |
[1] Human Nutrition, Department of Biomedical Science, via Dei Vestini, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, 66013, Italy | |
关键词: inflammation; inflammatory diseases; marine bioactives; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; marine carotenoids; antioxidants; | |
DOI : 10.3390/md10040812 | |
来源: mdpi | |
【 摘 要 】
Inflammation is a hot topic in medical research, because it plays a key role in inflammatory diseases: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other forms of arthritis, diabetes, heart diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, allergies, asthma, even cancer and many others. Over the past few decades, it was realized that the process of inflammation is virtually the same in different disorders, and a better understanding of inflammation may lead to better treatments for numerous diseases. Inflammation is the activation of the immune system in response to infection, irritation, or injury, with an influx of white blood cells, redness, heat, swelling, pain, and dysfunction of the organs involved. Although the pathophysiological basis of these conditions is not yet fully understood, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have often been implicated in their pathogenesis. In fact, in inflammatory diseases the antioxidant defense system is compromised, as evidenced by increased markers of oxidative stress, and decreased levels of protective antioxidant enzymes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). An enriched diet containing antioxidants, such as vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene and phenolic substances, has been suggested to improve symptoms by reducing disease-related oxidative stress. In this respect, the marine world represents a largely untapped reserve of bioactive ingredients, and considerable potential exists for exploitation of these bioactives as functional food ingredients. Substances such as
【 授权许可】
CC BY
© 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
【 预 览 】
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