The Spring-Time Boundary Layer in the Central Arctic Observed during PAMARCMiP 2009

Atmosphere

Astrid Lampert²  Marion Maturilli²  Christoph Ritter²  Anne Hoffmann²  Maria Stock²  Andreas Herber⁴  Gerit Birnbaum⁴  Roland Neuber²  Klaus Dethloff²  Thomas Orgis²  Robert Stone³  Ralf Brauner⁵  Johannes Kässbohrer⁶  Christian Haas⁷  Alexander Makshtas¹  Vladimir Sokolov¹ 

[1] Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Bering Street 38, St. Petersburg 199397, Russia;Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg A43, Potsdam 14473, Germany;Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA;Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven 27570, Germany;Jade Hochschule, Weserstr. 4, Elsfleth 26931, Germany;Fielax GmbH, Schleusenstr. 14, Bremerhaven 27568, Germany;Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada;

关键词: Arctic boundary layer;    dropsonde;    airborne lidar;    sea ice thickness;   

DOI  :  10.3390/atmos3030320

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The Arctic atmospheric boundary layer (AABL) in the central Arctic was characterized by dropsonde, lidar, ice thickness and airborne in situ measurements during the international Polar Airborne Measurements and Arctic Regional Climate Model Simulation Project (PAMARCMiP) in April 2009. We discuss AABL observations in the lowermost 500 m above (A) open water, (B) sea ice with many open/refrozen leads (C) sea ice with few leads, and (D) closed sea ice with a front modifying the AABL. Above water, the AABL had near-neutral stratification and contained a high water vapor concentration. Above sea ice, a low AABL top, low near-surface temperatures, strong surface-based temperature inversions and an increase of moisture with altitude were observed. AABL properties and particle concentrations were modified by a frontal system, allowing vertical mixing with the free atmosphere. Above areas with many leads, the potential temperature decreased with height in the lowest 50 m and was nearly constant above, up to an altitude of 100–200 m, indicating vertical mixing. The increase of the backscatter coefficient towards the surface was high. Above sea ice with few refrozen leads, the stably stratified boundary layer extended up to 200–300 m altitude. It was characterized by low specific humidity and a smaller increase of the backscatter coefficient towards the surface.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.