Cancers | |
Macrophage-Mediated Lymphangiogenesis: The Emerging Role of Macrophages as Lymphatic Endothelial Progenitors | |
Sophia Ran1  | |
关键词: lymphatic endothelial cell progenitors; tumor associated macrophages; lymphangiogenesis; lymphvasculogenesis; lymphatic metastasis; | |
DOI : 10.3390/cancers4030618 | |
来源: mdpi | |
【 摘 要 】
It is widely accepted that macrophages and other inflammatory cells support tumor progression and metastasis. During early stages of neoplastic development, tumor-infiltrating macrophages (TAMs) mount an immune response against transformed cells. Frequently, however, cancer cells escape the immune surveillance, an event that is accompanied by macrophage transition from an anti-tumor to a pro-tumorigenic type. The latter is characterized by high expression of factors that activate endothelial cells, suppress immune response, degrade extracellular matrix, and promote tumor growth. Cumulatively, these products of TAMs promote tumor expansion and growth of both blood and lymphatic vessels that facilitate metastatic spread. Breast cancers and other epithelial malignancies induce the formation of new lymphatic vessels (
【 授权许可】
CC BY
© 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
【 预 览 】
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RO202003190043242ZK.pdf | 643KB | download |