Prenatal Vitamin D Deficiency Induces an Early and More Severe Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in the Second Generation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Diana Andrea Fernandes de Abreu¹  Véréna Landel¹  Adrian G. Barnett³  John McGrath²  Darryl Eyles² 

[1] Neurobiology of Cell Interactions and Neurophysiopathology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7259, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille 13015, France; E-Mails:;Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia; E-Mails:;School of Public Health and Social Work & Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Qld 4059, Australia; E-Mail:

关键词: vitamin D experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis;    multiple sclerosis;    deficiency;    season of birth;    transgenerational;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms130910911

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

In a previous study, we demonstrated that mouse adult F₁ offspring, exposed to a vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy, developed a less severe and delayed Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), when compared with control offspring. We then wondered whether a similar response was observed in the subsequent generation. To answer this question, we assessed F₂ females whose F₁ parents (males or females) were vitamin D-deprived when developing in the uterus of F₀ females. Unexpectedly, we observed that the vitamin D deficiency affecting the F₀ pregnant mice induced a precocious and more severe EAE in the F₂ generation. This paradoxical finding led us to assess its implications for the epidemiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in humans. Using the REFGENSEP database for MS trios (the patient and his/her parents), we collected the parents’ dates of birth and assessed a potential season of birth effect that could potentially be indicative of the vitamin D status of the pregnant grandmothers. A trend for a reduced number of births in the Fall for the parents of MS patients was observed but statistical significance was not reached. Further well powered studies are warranted to validate the latter finding.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.