Botulinum Toxin Physiology in Focal Hand and Cranial Dystonia

Toxins

关键词: dystonia;    blepharospasm;    Meige syndrome;    writer’s cramp;    botulinum toxin;    physiology;   

DOI  :  10.3390/toxins4111404

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin for the treatment of focal hand and cranial dystonias are well-established. Studies of these adult-onset focal dystonias reveal both shared features, such as the dystonic phenotype of muscle hyperactivity and overflow muscle contraction and divergent features, such as task specificity in focal hand dystonia which is not a common feature of cranial dystonia. The physiologic effects of botulinum toxin in these 2 disorders also show both similarities and differences. This paper compares and contrasts the physiology of focal hand and cranial dystonias and of botulinum toxin in the management of these disorders.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
The author is an employee of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (“NIH”), and the article is a U.S. Government Work, published by MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, with the permission of NIH.