Molecules | |
Structural Changes of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) after Fungal and Phosphoric Acid Pretreatment | |
Isroi1  Mofoluwake M. Ishola1  Ria Millati1  Siti Syamsiah1  Muhammad N. Cahyanto1  Claes Niklasson1  | |
[1] 1Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Gadjah Mada University, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia | |
关键词: cellulose Ib; crystallinity; digestibility; FTIR spectra; hydrogen bond; oil palm empty fruit bunch; phosphoric acid; Pleurotus floridanus; pretreatment; | |
DOI : 10.3390/molecules171214995 | |
来源: mdpi | |
【 摘 要 】
Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) was pretreated using white-rot fungus Pleurotus floridanus, phosphoric acid or their combination, and the results were evaluated based on the biomass components, and its structural and morphological changes. The carbohydrate losses after fungal, phosphoric acid, and fungal followed by phosphoric acid pretreatments were 7.89%, 35.65%, and 33.77%, respectively. The pretreatments changed the hydrogen bonds of cellulose and linkages between lignin and carbohydrate, which is associated with crystallinity of cellulose of OPEFB. Lateral Order Index (LOI) of OPEFB with no pretreatment, with fungal, phosphoric acid, and fungal followed by phosphoric acid pretreatments were 2.77, 1.42, 0.67, and 0.60, respectively. Phosphoric acid pretreatment showed morphological changes of OPEFB, indicated by the damage of fibre structure into smaller particle size. The fungal-, phosphoric acid-, and fungal followed by phosphoric acid pretreatments have improved the digestibility of OPEFB’s cellulose by 4, 6.3, and 7.4 folds, respectively.
【 授权许可】
CC BY
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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