Regulation of Mammalian Gene Dosage by Long Noncoding RNAs

Biomolecules

Ko-Hsuan Hung¹  Yang Wang¹ 

关键词: epigenetics;    lncRNA;    genomic imprinting;    X-inactivation;    Gtl2;    Xist;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biom3010124

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Recent transcriptome studies suggest that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key components of the mammalian genome, and their study has become a new frontier in biomedical research. In fact, lncRNAs in the mammalian genome were identified and studied at particular epigenetic loci, including imprinted loci and X-chromosome inactivation center, at least two decades ago—long before development of high throughput sequencing technology. Since then, researchers have found that lncRNAs play essential roles in various biological processes, mostly during development. Since much of our understanding of lncRNAs originates from our knowledge of these well-established lncRNAs, in this review we will focus on lncRNAs from the X-chromosome inactivation center and the Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted cluster as examples of lncRNA mechanisms functioning in the epigenetic regulation of mammalian genes.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.