Oxidative Stress as an Underlying Contributor in the Development of Chronic Complications in Diabetes Mellitus

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Suziy de M. Bandeira²  Lucas José S. da Fonseca³  Glaucevane da S. Guedes¹  Luíza A. Rabelo¹  Marília O. F. Goulart¹ 

[1] Northeast Network on Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil; E-Mails:;Medical Course of Cariri, Federal University of Ceará, Barbalha, Ceará 63180-970, Brazil; E-Mail:;Laboratory of Cardiovascular Reactivity, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (LRC/ICBS/UFAL), Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil; E-Mail:

关键词: biomarkers;    diabetes mellitus;    hyperglycemia;    oxidative stress;    reactive nitrogen species;    reactive oxygen species;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms14023265

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its increasing incidence worldwide, coupled with several complications observed in its carriers, have become a public health issue of great relevance. Chronic hyperglycemia is the main feature of such a disease, being considered the responsible for the establishment of micro and macrovascular complications observed in diabetes. Several efforts have been directed in order to better comprehend the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the course of this endocrine disease. Recently, numerous authors have suggested that excess generation of highly reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is a key component in the development of complications invoked by hyperglycemia. Overproduction and/or insufficient removal of these reactive species result in vascular dysfunction, damage to cellular proteins, membrane lipids and nucleic acids, leading different research groups to search for biomarkers which would be capable of a proper and accurate measurement of the oxidative stress (OS) in diabetic patients, especially in the presence of chronic complications. In the face of this scenario, the present review briefly addresses the role of hyperglycemia in OS, considering basic mechanisms and their effects in diabetes mellitus, describes some of the more commonly used biomarkers of oxidative/nitrosative damage and includes selected examples of studies which evaluated OS biomarkers in patients with diabetes, pointing to the relevance of such biological components in general oxidative stress status of diabetes mellitus carriers.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.