Emerging Roles for Intersectin (ITSN) in Regulating Signaling and Disease Pathways

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Michael P. Hunter¹  Angela Russo¹ 

[1] Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois Cancer Center, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;

关键词: Intersectin;    endocytosis;    cell signaling;    Ras;    PI3KC2β;    Down Syndrome;    Alzheimer Disease;    cancer;    neuroblastoma;    glioblastoma;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms14047829

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Intersectins (ITSNs) represent a family of multi-domain adaptor proteins that regulate endocytosis and cell signaling. ITSN genes are highly conserved and present in all metazoan genomes examined thus far. Lower eukaryotes have only one ITSN gene, whereas higher eukaryotes have two ITSN genes. ITSN was first identified as an endocytic scaffold protein, and numerous studies reveal a conserved role for ITSN in endocytosis. Subsequently, ITSNs were found to regulate multiple signaling pathways including receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), GTPases, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Class 2beta (PI3KC2β). ITSN has also been implicated in diseases such as Down Syndrome (DS), Alzheimer Disease (AD), and other neurodegenerative disorders. This review summarizes the evolutionary conservation of ITSN, the latest research on the role of ITSN in endocytosis, the emerging roles of ITSN in regulating cell signaling pathways, and the involvement of ITSN in human diseases such as DS, AD, and cancer.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland