Biotechnology of Cold-Active Proteases

Biology

Swati Joshi¹ 

[1] Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India; E-Mail

关键词: Extremozymes;    psychrozymes;    cold-active protease;    metagenomics;    site directed mutagenesis;    x-ray crystallography;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biology2020755

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The bulk of Earth’s biosphere is cold (<5 °C) and inhabited by psychrophiles. Biocatalysts from psychrophilic organisms (psychrozymes) have attracted attention because of their application in the ongoing efforts to decrease energy consumption. Proteinases as a class represent the largest category of industrial enzymes. There has been an emphasis on employing cold-active proteases in detergents because this allows laundry operations at ambient temperatures. Proteases have been used in environmental bioremediation, food industry and molecular biology. In view of the present limited understanding and availability of cold-active proteases with diverse characteristics, it is essential to explore Earth’s surface more in search of an ideal cold-active protease. The understanding of molecular and mechanistic details of these proteases will open up new avenues to tailor proteases with the desired properties. A detailed account of the developments in the production and applications of cold-active proteases is presented in this review.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.