Homocysteine Lowering by Folate-Rich Diet or Pharmacological Supplementations in Subjects with Moderate Hyperhomocysteinemia

Nutrients

Bruno Zappacosta⁶  Pierpaolo Mastroiacovo²  Silvia Persichilli⁴  George Pounis³  Stefania Ruggeri⁵  Angelo Minucci⁴  Emilia Carnovale⁵  Generoso Andria⁷  Roberta Ricci¹  Iris Scala⁷  Orazio Genovese¹  Aida Turrini⁵  Lorenza Mistura⁵  Bruno Giardina⁴ 

[1] Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome 00168, Italy; E-Mails:;ICBD, Alessandra Lisi International Centre on Birth Defects and Prematurity, Rome 00100, Italy; E-Mail:;Research Laboratories, Foundation of Research and Care, “John Paul II”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Campobasso 86100, Italy; E-Mails:;Department of Laboratory Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome 00168, Italy; E-Mails:;National Institute of Research for Foods and Nutrition (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione), Rome 00178, Italy; E-Mails:;Department of Laboratory, Foundation of Research and Care, “John Paul II”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Campobasso 86100, Italy;Department of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Neaples 81100, Italy; E-Mails:

关键词: folic acid;    5-MTHF;    homocysteine;    folate-rich diet;    MTHFR genotype;    clinical trial;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu5051531

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Background/Objectives: To compare the efficacy of a diet rich in natural folate and of two different folic acid supplementation protocols in subjects with “moderate” hyperhomocysteinemia, also taking into account C677T polymorphism of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. Subjects/Methods: We performed a 13 week open, randomized, double blind clinical trial on 149 free living persons with mild hyperhomocyteinemia, with daily 200 μg from a natural folate-rich diet, 200 μg [6S]5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), 200 μg folic acid or placebo. Participants were stratified according to their MTHFR genotype. Results: Homocysteine (Hcy) levels were reduced after folate enriched diet, 5-MTHF or folic acid supplementation respectively by 20.1% (p < 0.002), 19.4% (p < 0.001) and 21.9% (p < 0.001), as compared to baseline levels and significantly as compared to placebo (p < 0.001, p < 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively for enriched diet, 5-MTHF and folic acid). After this enriched diet and the folic acid supplementation, Hcy in both genotype groups decreased approximately to the same level, with higher percentage decreases observed for the TT group because of their higher pre-treatment value. Similar results were not seen by genotype for 5-MTHF. A significant increase in RBC folate concentration was observed after folic acid and natural folate-rich food supplementations, as compared to placebo. Conclusions: Supplementation with natural folate-rich foods, folic acid and 5-MTHF reached a similar reduction in Hcy concentrations.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.