Innate Immune Signaling by, and Genetic Adjuvants for DNA Vaccination

Vaccines

Kouji Kobiyama²  Nao Jounai²  Taiki Aoshi²  Miyuki Tozuka²  Fumihiko Takeshita²  Cevayir Coban¹ 

[1] Laboratory of Malaria Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 567-0871, Japan; E-Mail:;Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8 Saito-asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; E-Mails:

关键词: DNA vaccine;    innate immune responses;    adjuvant;    DNA sensor;   

DOI  :  10.3390/vaccines1030278

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

DNA vaccines can induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. Although some DNA vaccines are already licensed for infectious diseases in animals, they are not licensed for human use because the risk and benefit of DNA vaccines is still controversial. Indeed, in humans, the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines is lower than that of other traditional vaccines. To develop the use of DNA vaccines in the clinic, various approaches are in progress to enhance or improve the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. Recent studies have shown that immunogenicity of DNA vaccines are regulated by innate immune responses via plasmid DNA recognition through the STING-TBK1 signaling cascade. Similarly, molecules that act as dsDNA sensors that activate innate immune responses through STING-TBK1 have been identified and used as genetic adjuvants to enhance DNA vaccine immunogenicity in mouse models. However, the mechanisms that induce innate immune responses by DNA vaccines are still unclear. In this review, we will discuss innate immune signaling upon DNA vaccination and genetic adjuvants of innate immune signaling molecules.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.