Vitamin D Intake and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Nutrients

Jia-Yi Dong²  Weiguo Zhang⁴  Jiong Jack Chen³  Zeng-Li Zhang¹  Shu-Fen Han² 

[1] Department of Labor Hygiene and Environmental Health, School of Public Health of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; E-Mail:;Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; E-Mails:;DSM Nutritional Products, Research Center, 476 Libing Road, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mail:;DSM Nutritional Products, Human Nutrition and Health, No.1-3 Xinyuannanlu, Beijing 100027, China; E-Mail:

关键词: vitamin D;    type 1 diabetes;    early life;    pregnancy;    meta-analysis;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu5093551

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Vitamin D is suggested to have protective effects against type 1 diabetes. However, the results from observational studies have been inconsistent. We aimed to examine their association by conducting a meta-analysis of observational studies. Multiple databases were searched in June 2013 to identify relevant studies including both case-control and cohort studies. Either a fixed- or random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled risk estimate. We identified eight studies (two cohort studies and six case-control studies) on vitamin D intake during early life and three studies (two cohort studies and one case-control study) on maternal vitamin D intake during pregnancy. The pooled odds ratio for type 1 diabetes comparing vitamin D supplementation with non-supplementation during early life was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51–0.98). Similar results were observed in the case-control subgroup analysis but not in the cohort subgroup analysis. The pooled odds ratio with maternal intake of vitamin D during pregnancy was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.66–1.36). In conclusion, vitamin D intake during early life may be associated with a reduced risk of type 1 diabetes. However, there was not enough evidence for an association between maternal intake of vitamin D and risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.