Genes Involved in Type 1 Diabetes: An Update

Genes

Marina Bakay¹  Rahul Pandey¹ 

[1]Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

[2] E-Mails:

关键词: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D);    genome-wide association studies (GWAS);    immune system;    susceptibility loci;    natural killer (NK) cells;    pancreatic β-cells;   

DOI  :  10.3390/genes4030499

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component, which, through interactions with specific environmental factors, triggers disease onset. T1D typically manifests in early to mid childhood through the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells resulting in a lack of insulin production. Historically, prior to genome-wide association studies (GWAS), six loci in the genome were fully established to be associated with T1D. With the advent of high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array technologies, enabling investigators to perform high-density GWAS, many additional T1D susceptibility genes have been discovered. Indeed, recent meta-analyses of multiple datasets from independent investigators have brought the tally of well-validated T1D disease genes to almost 60. In this mini-review, we address recent advances in the genetics of T1D and provide an update on the latest susceptibility loci added to the list of genes involved in the pathogenesis of T1D.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.