Significant Overexpression of DVL1 in Taiwanese Colorectal Cancer Patients with Liver Metastasis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Ming-Yii Huang²  Li-Chen Yen⁴  Hsueh-Chiao Liu³  Po-Ping Liu¹  Fu-Yen Chung⁴  Tsu-Nai Wang⁶  Jaw-Yuan Wang⁵ 

[1] Department of Surgery, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung 928, Taiwan; E-Mail:;Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mail:;Personalized Medical Service Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung 928, Taiwan; E-Mail:;Division of Medical Research, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung 928, Taiwan; E-Mails:;Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; E-Mail:

关键词: colorectal cancer;    liver metastasis;    DVL1 overexpression;    weighted enzymatic chip array (WEnCA);    immunohistochemistry (IHC);   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms141020492

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Undetected micrometastasis plays a key role in the metastasis of cancer in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The aim of this study is to identify a biomarker of CRC patients with liver metastasis through the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Microarray and bioinformatics analysis of 10 CRC cancer tissue specimens compared with normal adjacent tissues revealed that 31 genes were up-regulated (gene expression ratio of cancer tissue to paired normal tissue > 2) in the cancer patients. We used a weighted enzymatic chip array (WEnCA) including 31 prognosis-related genes to investigate CTCs in 214 postoperative stage I–III CRC patients and to analyze the correlation between gene expression and clinico-pathological parameters. We employed the immunohistochemistry (IHC) method with polyclonal mouse antibody against DVL1 to detect DVL1 expression in 60 CRC patients. CRC liver metastasis occurred in 19.16% (41/214) of the patients. Using univariate analysis and multivariate proportional hazards regression analysis, we found that DVL1 mRNA overexpression had a significant, independent predictive value for liver metastasis in CRC patients (OR: 5.764; 95% CI: 2.588–12.837; p < 0.0001 on univariate analysis; OR: 3.768; 95% CI: 1.469–9.665; p = 0.006 on multivariate analysis). IHC staining of the immunoreactivity of DVL1 showed that DVL1 was localized in the cytoplasm of CRC cells. High expression of DVL1 was observed in 55% (33/60) of CRC tumor specimens and was associated significantly with tumor depth, perineural invasion and liver metastasis status (all p < 0.05). Our experimental results demonstrated that DVL1 is significantly overexpressed in CRC patients with liver metastasis, leading us to conclude that DVL1 could be a potential prognostic and predictive marker for CRC patients.

【 授权许可】

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© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland