Resource Use of Wind Farms in the German North Sea—The Example of Alpha Ventus and Bard Offshore I

Resources

Klaus Wiesen¹  Jens Teubler¹ 

[1] Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy, Döppersberg 19, Wuppertal 42103, Germany; E-Mails:

关键词: resource efficiency;    resource use;    material input per service (MIPS);    wind energy;    grid connection;   

DOI  :  10.3390/resources2040504

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The German government aims to obtain at least 40 percent of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030. One of the central steps to reach this target is the construction of deep sea offshore wind farms. The paper presents a material intensity analysis of the offshore wind farms “Alpha Ventus” and “Bard Offshore I” under consideration of the grid connection. An additional onshore scenario is considered for comparison. The results show that offshore wind farms have higher resource consumption than onshore farms. In general, and in respect to the resource use of other energy systems, both can be tagged as resource efficient.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.