Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks: Advances and Future Trends in Physical, MAC and Routing Layers

Sensors

Salvador Climent²  Antonio Sanchez²  Juan Vicente Capella²  Nirvana Meratnia¹ 

[1] Pervasive Systems, University of Twente, P. O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands; E-Mail:;Institut ITACA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Edifici 8G, València 46022, Spain; E-Mails:

关键词: underwater sensor networks;    survey;    future trends;    physical layer;    medium access control layer;    routing layer;    security;   

DOI  :  10.3390/s140100795

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

This survey aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on underwater wireless sensor networks, focusing on the lower layers of the communication stack, and envisions future trends and challenges. It analyzes the current state-of-the-art on the physical, medium access control and routing layers. It summarizes their security threads and surveys the currently proposed studies. Current envisioned niches for further advances in underwater networks research range from efficient, low-power algorithms and modulations to intelligent, energy-aware routing and medium access control protocols.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.