The Function and Catalysis of 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Oxygenases Involved in Plant Flavonoid Biosynthesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Ai-Xia Cheng¹  Xiao-Juan Han¹  Yi-Feng Wu¹ 

[1] Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China;

关键词: flavonoid synthesis;    2-ODD oxygenases;    flavone synthase I;    flavonol synthase;    anthocyanidin synthase;    flavanone 3β-hydroxylase;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms15011080

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites derived from phenylalanine and acetate metabolism. They fulfil a variety of functions in plants and have health benefits for humans. During the synthesis of the tricyclic flavonoid natural products in plants, oxidative modifications to the central C ring are catalyzed by four of Fe^II and 2-oxoglutarate dependent (2-ODD) oxygenases, namely flavone synthase I (FNS I), flavonol synthase (FLS), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) and flavanone 3β-hydroxylase (FHT). FNS I, FLS and ANS are involved in desaturation of C2–C3 of flavonoids and FHT in hydroxylation of C3. FNS I, which is restricted to the Apiaceae species and in rice, is predicted to have evolved from FHT by duplication. Due to their sequence similarity and substrate specificity, FLS and ANS, which interact with the α surface of the substrate, belong to a group of dioxygenases having a broad substrate specificity, while FNS I and FHT are more selective, and interact with the naringenin β surface. Here, we summarize recent findings regarding the function of the four 2-ODD oxygenases and the relationship between their catalytic activity, their polypeptide sequence and their tertiary structure.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland