Extreme Precipitation and Beach Closures in the Great Lakes Region: Evaluating Risk among the Elderly

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Kathleen F. Bush³  Cheryl L. Fossani⁴  Shi Li²  Bhramar Mukherjee²  Carina J. Gronlund¹ 

[1] Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; E-Mails:;Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; E-Mails:;Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; E-Mail:

关键词: aged;    bathing beaches;    climate change;    Great Lakes region;    gastrointestinal diseases;    rain;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph110202014

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

As a result of climate change, extreme precipitation events are expected to increase in frequency and intensity. Runoff from these extreme events poses threats to water quality and human health. We investigated the impact of extreme precipitation and beach closings on the risk of gastrointestinal illness (GI)-related hospital admissions among individuals 65 and older in 12 Great Lakes cities from 2000 to 2006. Poisson regression models were fit in each city, controlling for temperature and long-term time trends. City-specific estimates were combined to form an overall regional risk estimate. Approximately 40,000 GI-related hospital admissions and over 100 beach closure days were recorded from May through September during the study period. Extreme precipitation (≥90th percentile) occurring the previous day (lag 1) is significantly associated with beach closures in 8 of the 12 cities (p < 0.05). However, no association was observed between beach closures and GI-related hospital admissions. These results support previous work linking extreme precipitation to compromised recreational water quality.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.