Sustainability | |
Integrated Metrics for Improving the Life Cycle Approach to Assessing Product System Sustainability | |
Wesley Ingwersen2  Heriberto Cabezas2  Anne V. Weisbrod1  Tarsha Eason2  Bayou Demeke2  Xin (Cissy) Ma2  Troy R. Hawkins2  Seung-Jin Lee2  Jane C. Bare2  | |
[1] Global Product Stewardship and Product Supply, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA; E-Mails:;US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA; E-Mails: | |
关键词: product sustainability; sustainability metrics; sustainability indicators; life cycle assessment; ecological footprint; emergy; Fisher information; green net value added; consumer products; | |
DOI : 10.3390/su6031386 | |
来源: mdpi | |
【 摘 要 】
Life cycle approaches are critical for identifying and reducing environmental burdens of products. While these methods can indicate potential environmental impacts of a product, current Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods fail to integrate the multiple impacts of a system into unified measures of social, economic or environmental performance related to sustainability. Integrated metrics that combine multiple aspects of system performance based on a common scientific or economic principle have proven to be valuable for sustainability evaluation. In this work, we propose methods of adapting four integrated metrics for use with LCAs of product systems:
【 授权许可】
CC BY
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
【 预 览 】
Files | Size | Format | View |
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RO202003190028117ZK.pdf | 1069KB | download |