Day-Ahead Energy Planning with 100% Electric Vehicle Penetration in the Nordic Region by 2050

Energies

Zhaoxi Liu¹  Qiuwei Wu¹  Arne Hejde Nielsen¹ 

[1] Centre for Electric Power and Energy, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 325, Kongens Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark; E-Mails:

关键词: day-ahead energy planning;    electric vehicle (EV);    spot price based charging;    timed charging;    uncontrolled charging;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en7031733

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

This paper presents the day-ahead energy planning of passenger cars with 100% electric vehicle (EV) penetration in the Nordic region by 2050. EVs will play an important role in the future energy systems which can both reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transport sector and provide the demand side flexibility required by smart grids. On the other hand, the EVs will increase the electricity consumption. In order to quantify the electricity consumption increase due to the 100% EV penetration in the Nordic region to facilitate the power system planning studies, the day-ahead energy planning of EVs has been investigated with different EV charging scenarios. Five EV charging scenarios have been considered in the energy planning analysis which are: uncontrolled charging all day, uncontrolled charging at home, timed charging, spot price based charging all day and spot price based charging at home. The demand profiles of the five charging analysis show that timed charging is the least favorable charging option and the spot priced based EV charging might induce high peak demands. The EV charging demand will have a considerable share of the energy consumption in the future Nordic power system.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.