International Journal of Molecular Sciences | |
Immuno-Expression of Endoglin and Smooth Muscle Actin in the Vessels of Brain Metastases. Is There a Rational for Anti-Angiogenic Therapy? | |
Valeria Barresi3  Giovanni Branca3  Maria Caffo1  Rosario Caltabiano2  Antonio Ieni3  Enrica Vitarelli3  Salvatore Lanzafame2  | |
[1]Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy | |
[2] E-Mail: | |
[3]Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy | |
[4] E-Mails: | |
[5]Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy | |
[6] E-Mails: | |
关键词: brain metastasis; endoglin; MVD; pericytes; angiogenesis; | |
DOI : 10.3390/ijms15045663 | |
来源: mdpi | |
【 摘 要 】
Despite ongoing clinical trials, the efficacy of anti-angiogenic drugs for the treatment of brain metastases (BM) is still questionable. The lower response rate to anti-angiogenic therapy in the presence of BM than in metastatic disease involving other sites suggests that BM may be insensitive to these drugs, although the biological reasons underlining this phenomenon are still to be clarified. With the aim of assessing whether the targets of anti-angiogenic therapies are actually present in BM, in the present study, we analyzed the microvessel density (MVD), a measure of neo-angiogenesis, and the vascular phenotype (mature
【 授权许可】
CC BY
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
【 预 览 】
Files | Size | Format | View |
---|---|---|---|
RO202003190027377ZK.pdf | 988KB | download |