3-D Micro and Nano Technologies for Improvements in Electrochemical Power Devices

Micromachines

Sunshine Holmberg¹  Alexandra Perebikovsky²  Lawrence Kulinsky¹ 

[1] Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 5200 Engineering Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; E-Mails:;Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA

关键词: power devices;    biofuel cell;    dye sensitized solar cell;    lithium battery;    electrochemistry;    MEMS;    nanotechnology;   

DOI  :  10.3390/mi5020171

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

This review focuses on recent advances in micro- and nano-fabrication techniques and their applications to electrochemical power devices, specifically microfabricated Lithium-ion batteries, enzymatic and microbial fuel cells (biofuel cells), and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Although the maturity of these three technologies ranges from market ready (batteries) to fundamental research (biofuel cells) to applied research (DSSCs), advances in MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) and NEMS (Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems) techniques, particularly modifications in surface area and surface chemistry, and novel genetic and molecular engineering techniques, significantly improve the electrochemical activity of these technologies across the board. For each of these three categories of power-MEMS devices the review covers: (1) The technical challenges facing the performance and fabrication of electrochemical power devices; (2) Current MEMS and NEMS techniques used to improve efficiency; and (3) Future outlook and suggested improvements of MEMS and NEMS for implementation in electrochemical power devices.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.