Vitamin D: Link between Osteoporosis, Obesity, and Diabetes?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Flávia Galvão Cândido¹ 

关键词: vitamin D;    osteoporosis;    obesity;    diabetes mellitus;    PTH;    bone mineral density;    falls;    fractures;    osteoblasts;    osteoclasts;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms15046569

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Vitamin D (1,25(OH)₂D₃) is a steroid hormone that has a range of physiological functions in skeletal and nonskeletal tissues, and can contribute to prevent and/or treat osteoporosis, obesity, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In bone metabolism, vitamin D increases the plasma levels of calcium and phosphorus, regulates osteoblast and osteoclast the activity, and combats PTH hypersecretion, promoting bone formation and preventing/treating osteoporosis. This evidence is supported by most clinical studies, especially those that have included calcium and assessed the effects of vitamin D doses (≥800 IU/day) on bone mineral density. However, annual megadoses should be avoided as they impair bone health. Recent findings suggest that low serum vitamin D is the consequence (not the cause) of obesity and the results from randomized double-blind clinical trials are still scarce and inconclusive to establish the relationship between vitamin D, obesity, and T2DM. Nevertheless, there is evidence that vitamin D inhibits fat accumulation, increases insulin synthesis and preserves pancreatic islet cells, decreases insulin resistance and reduces hunger, favoring obesity and T2DM control. To date, there is not enough scientific evidence to support the use of vitamin D as a pathway to prevent and/or treat obesity and T2DM.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland