Functional Annotation of Proteomic Data from Chicken Heterophils and Macrophages Induced by Carbon Nanotube Exposure

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Yun-Ze Li²  Chung-Shi Cheng²  Chao-Jung Chen³  Zi-Lin Li²  Yao-Tung Lin¹  Shuen-Ei Chen² 

[1] Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; E-Mail:;Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; E-Mails:;Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; E-Mail:

关键词: carbon nanotube;    macrophage;    heterophil;    protein expression;    cell migration;    chicken;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms15058372

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

With the expanding applications of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in biomedicine and agriculture, questions about the toxicity and biocompatibility of CNT in humans and domestic animals are becoming matters of serious concern. This study used proteomic methods to profile gene expression in chicken macrophages and heterophils in response to CNT exposure. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis identified 12 proteins in macrophages and 15 in heterophils, with differential expression patterns in response to CNT co-incubation (0, 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL of CNT for 6 h) (p < 0.05). Gene ontology analysis showed that most of the differentially expressed proteins are associated with protein interactions, cellular metabolic processes, and cell mobility, suggesting activation of innate immune functions. Western blot analysis with heat shock protein 70, high mobility group protein, and peptidylprolyl isomerase A confirmed the alterations of the profiled proteins. The functional annotations were further confirmed by effective cell migration, promoted interleukin-1β secretion, and more cell death in both macrophages and heterophils exposed to CNT (p < 0.05). In conclusion, results of this study suggest that CNT exposure affects protein expression, leading to activation of macrophages and heterophils, resulting in altered cytoskeleton remodeling, cell migration, and cytokine production, and thereby mediates tissue immune responses.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland