Wastewater Recycling in Greece: The Case of Thessaloniki

Sustainability

Andreas Ilias¹  Athanasios Panoras¹ 

[1] Land Reclamation Institute of Thessaloniki, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER-N.AG.RE.F., 57400 Sindos Thessaloniki, Greece; E-Mail:

关键词: water recycling;    wastewater reuse;    wastewater in agriculture;    water use in agriculture;    agricultural water quality criteria;    water reuse in Greece;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su6052876

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

In Greece, and particularly in many southeastern and island areas, there is severe pressure on water resources, further exacerbated by the high demand of water for tourism and irrigation in summertime. The integration of treated wastewater into water resources management is of paramount importance to meet future demands. Despite this need, only a few projects of effluent reuse have been implemented, most of them being pilot projects of crop or landscape irrigation. The most important projects which are currently in practice are those of Thessaloniki, Chalkida, Malia, Livadia, Amfisa, Kalikratia, and Chersonissos. In Thessaloniki, at the most important wastewater reuse site, the secondary effluent of the city’s Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) (165,000 m³/day) is used for agricultural irrigation after mixing with freshwater at a 1:5 ratio. The main crops irrigated are rice, corn, alfalfa and cotton. A few other projects are under planning, such as that at Iraklion, Agios Nikolaos and several island regions. Finally, it should be mentioned that there are several cases of indirect reuse, especially in central Greece. However, the reuse potential in Greece is limited, since effluent from Athens’s WWTP, serving approximately half of the country’s population, is not economically feasible due to the location of the plant.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.