Governing Forest Landscape Restoration: Cases from Indonesia

Forests

Cora van Oosten¹  Petrus Gunarso²  Irene Koesoetjahjo² 

[1]Wageningen UR Centre for Development Innovation, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, P.O. Box 88, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands

[2]Tropenbos International, P.O. Box 494, Balikpapan 76100, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

[3] E-Mails:

关键词: forest;    landscape;    restoration;    governance;    stakeholders;    institutions;    institutional space;    institutional bricolage;   

DOI  :  10.3390/f5061143

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Forest landscape restoration includes both the planning and implementation of measures to restore degraded forests within the perspective of the wider landscape. Governing forest landscape restoration requires fundamental considerations about the conceptualisation of forested landscapes and the types of restoration measures to be taken, and about who should be engaged in the governance process. A variety of governance approaches to forest landscape restoration exist, differing in both the nature of the object to be governed and the mode of governance. This paper analyses the nature and governance of restoration in three cases of forest landscape restoration in Indonesia. In each of these cases, both the original aim for restoration and the initiators of the process differ. The cases also differ in how deeply embedded they are in formal spatial planning mechanisms at the various political scales. Nonetheless, the cases show similar trends. All cases show a dynamic process of mobilising the landscape’s stakeholders, plus a flexible process of crafting institutional space for conflict management, negotiation and decision making at the landscape level. As a result, the landscape focus changed over time from reserved forests to forested mosaic lands. The cases illustrate that the governance of forest landscape restoration should not be based on strict design criteria, but rather on a flexible governance approach that stimulates the creation of novel public-private institutional arrangements at the landscape level.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.