Microenvironment of Tumor-Draining Lymph Nodes: Opportunities for Liposome-Based Targeted Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Siddarth Chandrasekaran²  Michael R. King¹ 

[1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; E-Mail

关键词: tumor microenvironment;    liposomes;    nanomedicine;    metastasis;    tumor-draining lymph nodes;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms151120209

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently reported that the total number of global cancer cases in 2013 reached 14 million, a 10% rise since 2008, while the total number of cancer deaths reached 8.2 million, a 5.2% increase since 2008. Metastasis is the major cause of death from cancer, accounting for 90% of all cancer related deaths. Tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN), the sentinel nodes, are the first organs of metastasis in several types of cancers. The extent of metastasis in the TDLN is often used in disease staging and prognosis evaluation in cancer patients. Here, we describe the microenvironment of the TDLN and review the recent literature on liposome-based therapies directed to immune cells within the TDLN with the intent to target cancer cells.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.