Obesity: Pathophysiology and Intervention

Nutrients

Yi Zhang²  Ju Liu²  Jianliang Yao²  Gang Ji³  Long Qian¹  Jing Wang²  Guansheng Zhang²  Jie Tian²  Yongzhan Nie³  Yi Edi. Zhang⁴  Mark S. Gold⁴ 

[1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; E-Mail:;School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, China; E-Mails:;Xijing Gastrointestinal Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China; E-Mails:;Department of Psychiatry & McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 South Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; E-Mails:

关键词: obesity;    food addiction;    neuroendocrinology;    neuroimaging;    reward-saliency;    motivation-drive;    learning/memory circuit;    inhibitory control-emotional regulation-executive control;    bariatric surgery;    fecal microbiota transplantation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu6115153

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Obesity presents a major health hazard of the 21st century. It promotes co-morbid diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Excessive energy intake, physical inactivity, and genetic susceptibility are main causal factors for obesity, while gene mutations, endocrine disorders, medication, or psychiatric illnesses may be underlying causes in some cases. The development and maintenance of obesity may involve central pathophysiological mechanisms such as impaired brain circuit regulation and neuroendocrine hormone dysfunction. Dieting and physical exercise offer the mainstays of obesity treatment, and anti-obesity drugs may be taken in conjunction to reduce appetite or fat absorption. Bariatric surgeries may be performed in overtly obese patients to lessen stomach volume and nutrient absorption, and induce faster satiety. This review provides a summary of literature on the pathophysiological studies of obesity and discusses relevant therapeutic strategies for managing obesity.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.