Understanding Relationships among Agro-Ecosystem Services Based on Emergy Analysis in Luancheng County, North China

Sustainability

Fengjiao Ma¹  A. Egrinya Eneji³  Jintong Liu¹  Bing Xue² 

[1] Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China; E-Mail:;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China; E-Mail;Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Calabar, Calabar PMB 1115, Nigeria; E-Mail:

关键词: ecosystem services;    ecosystem disservices;    emergy analysis;    Luancheng County;    China;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su6128700

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Exploring the relationship between different services has become the focus of ecosystem services research in recent years. The agro-ecosystem, which accounts for one-third of the global land area, provides lots of services but also disservices, depending on resources provided by other systems. In this paper, we explored the agro-ecosystem from four aspects: a summary of different indicators in the agro-ecosystem, input and output changes with time, relationships between different ecosystem services and disservices, and resource contribution to major services, using Luancheng County of North China as the study area. We then used emergy analysis to unify all the indicators. The conclusions were that the agro-ecosystem maintained provisioning and regulating services but with increasing volatility under continued growth in production inputs and disservice outputs. There was a positive correlation between most of the different services and disservices. Rainfall and groundwater resources were the most used input resources in the agro-ecosystem and all other major ecosystem services depended directly on them.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.