Curcumin and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Major Mode of Action through Stimulating Endogenous Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase

Molecules

Siddhartha S. Ghosh¹  Todd W. B. Gehr¹  Shobha Ghosh²  Bharat B. Aggarwal³ 

[1] Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; E-Mails:;Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USADivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;

关键词: inflammation;    cytokines;    atherosclerosis;    diabetes;    intestinal permeability;    intestinal alkaline phosphatase;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules191220139

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Curcumin, an active ingredient in the traditional herbal remedy and dietary spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), has significant anti-inflammatory properties. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), an inflammatory disease, can lead to end stage renal disease resulting in dialysis and transplant. Furthermore, it is frequently associated with other inflammatory disease such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. This review will focus on the clinically relevant inflammatory molecules that play a role in CKD and associated diseases. Various enzymes, transcription factors, growth factors modulate production and action of inflammatory molecules; curcumin can blunt the generation and action of these inflammatory molecules and ameliorate CKD as well as associated inflammatory disorders. Recent studies have shown that increased intestinal permeability results in the leakage of pro-inflammatory molecules (cytokines and lipopolysaccharides) from gut into the circulation in diseases such as CKD, diabetes and atherosclerosis. This change in intestinal permeability is due to decreased expression of tight junction proteins and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP). Curcumin increases the expression of IAP and tight junction proteins and corrects gut permeability. This action reduces the levels of circulatory inflammatory biomolecules. This effect of curcumin on intestine can explain why, despite poor bioavailability, curcumin has potential anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and beneficial effects on CKD.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.