Vector Graph Assisted Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Using an Unconstrained Smartphone

Sensors

Jiuchao Qian²  Ling Pei¹  Jiabin Ma²  Rendong Ying²  Peilin Liu² 

[1] Shanghai Key Laboratory of Navigation and Location-based Services, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;

关键词: indoor localization;    pedestrian dead reckoning;    principal component analysis;    particle filter;    vector graph;    smartphone sensors;   

DOI  :  10.3390/s150305032

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The paper presents a hybrid indoor positioning solution based on a pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) approach using built-in sensors on a smartphone. To address the challenges of flexible and complex contexts of carrying a phone while walking, a robust step detection algorithm based on motion-awareness has been proposed. Given the fact that step length is influenced by different motion states, an adaptive step length estimation algorithm based on motion recognition is developed. Heading estimation is carried out by an attitude acquisition algorithm, which contains a two-phase filter to mitigate the distortion of magnetic anomalies. In order to estimate the heading for an unconstrained smartphone, principal component analysis (PCA) of acceleration is applied to determine the offset between the orientation of smartphone and the actual heading of a pedestrian. Moreover, a particle filter with vector graph assisted particle weighting is introduced to correct the deviation in step length and heading estimation. Extensive field tests, including four contexts of carrying a phone, have been conducted in an office building to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. Test results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve sub-meter mean error in all contexts.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.