An Overview of Mode of Action and Analytical Methods for Evaluation of Gas Phase Activities of Flame Retardants

Polymers

Khalifah A. Salmeia¹  Julien Fage¹  Shuyu Liang²  Sabyasachi Gaan¹ 

[1] Additives and Chemistry, Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen CH-9014, Switzerland;

关键词: fire retardant;    gas phase activity;    microscale combustion calorimeter;    VUV-photoionization;    halogenated;    phosphorus;   

DOI  :  10.3390/polym7030504

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The latest techniques used to prove, describe and analyze the gas phase activity of a fire retardant used in polymeric materials are briefly reviewed. Classical techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis or microscale combustion calorimetry, as well as complex and advanced analytical techniques, such as modified microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC), molecular beam mass spectroscopy and vacuum ultra violet (VUV) photoionization spectroscopy coupled with time of flight MS (TOF-MS), are described in this review. The recent advances in analytical techniques help not only in determining the gas phase activity of the flame-retardants but also identify possible reactive species responsible for gas phase flame inhibition. The complete understanding of the decomposition pathways and the flame retardant activity of a flame retardant system is essential for the development of new eco-friendly-tailored flame retardant molecules with high flame retardant efficiency.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.