Green and Blue Water Footprint Accounting for Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Primary Region of Mexico

Sustainability

Lucia Irene Flores Lopez¹  Carlos Bautista-Capetillo² 

[1] Engineering Sciences Program, Authonomus University of Zacatecas, Av. Ramón López Velarde 801, Centro, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico; E-Mail

关键词: dry beans;    green and blue water footprint;    crop water use;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su7033001

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Water shortages are a key obstacle to the sustainable supply of food to the world population, since agriculture has the largest consumptive water use. The Water Footprint (WF) has been developed as a useful tool to assess the contribution of goods and activities to water scarcity. This concept is being used around the world to improve agricultural water management. This paper analyzes climate data in order to estimate green and blue WFs for dry beans in the dry beans primary region of Mexico under both irrigation and dryland conditions. The quantification of green WF is very important in this area, since 95% of the crop is obtained in dryland conditions. Standard methodology was used to assess the crop WF. Five different sowing dates were considered: two for irrigation (15 April and 15 May) and three for dryland (1 and 15 July and 1 August). It was found that the optimum sowing date for dryland conditions is 1 August, with a WF of 1839 m³·Mg⁻¹ (1 Mg equal to 1000 kg) in the sutheastern part of the region; nevertheless, results show that the largest green water availability occurs around the first days of July. Under irrigated conditions the best sowing date is 15 May, with a decrease in crop evapotranspiration of 10.1% in relation to 15 April; which means a reduction of 36.1% of blue water use in the northwestern region mainly.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.