Taking Stock of Carbon Rights in REDD+ Candidate Countries: Concept Meets Reality

Forests

Lasse Loft³  Ashwin Ravikumar¹  Maria Fernanda Gebara⁵  Thu Thuy Pham⁴  Ida Aju Pradnja Resosudarmo⁸  Samuel Assembe²  Jazmín Gonzales Tovar¹  Esther Mwangi⁷  Krister Andersson⁶  Francis E. Putz⁹ 

[1] Center for International Forestry Research, Avenida La Molina 1895, La Molina, Lima 12, Peru; E-Mails:;Center for International Forestry Research. P.O. Box: 2008, Yaoundé, Cameroon; E-Mail:;Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenbergallee 25, 60325 Frankfurt a.M., Germany;Center for International Forestry Research.17A Nguyen Khang Street, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; E-Mail:;Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Presidente Vargas, 417, 6° a 9° andares, CEP: 20071-003, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mail:;Department of Political Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; E-Mail:;Center for International Forestry Research. United Nations Avenue, Gigiri, P.O. Box 30677–00100, Nairobi, Kenya; E-Mail:;Center for International Forestry Research, Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Bogor 16115, Indonesia; E-Mail:;id="af1-forests-06-01031">1Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenbergallee 25, 60325 Frankfurt a.M., Germa

关键词: benefit sharing;    carbon rights;    land tenure;    national implementation;    reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/f6041031

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

In the discourses on who should benefit from national REDD+ implementation, rights-based approaches are prominent across various countries. Options on how to create viable property rights arrangements are currently being debated by scholars, policy makers and practitioners alike. Many REDD+ advocates argue that assigning carbon rights represents a solution to insecure individual and community property rights. But carbon rights, i.e., the bundle of legal rights to carbon sequestered in biomass, present their own set of theoretical and practical challenges. We assess the status and approaches chosen in emerging carbon-rights legislations in five REDD+ countries based on a literature review and country expert knowledge: Peru, Brazil, Cameroon, Vietnam and Indonesia. We find that most countries assessed have not yet made final decisions as to the type of benefit sharing mechanisms they intend to implement and that there is a lack of clarity about who owns rights to carbon as a property and who is entitled to receive benefits. However, there is a trend of linking carbon rights to land rights. As such, the technical and also political challenges that land tenure clarification has faced over the past decades will still need to be addressed in the context of carbon rights.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.