Diatom Milking: A Review and New Approaches

Marine Drugs

Vandana Vinayak¹  Kalina M. Manoylov⁶  Hélène Gateau³  Vincent Blanckaert⁴  Josiane Hérault⁵  Gaëlle Pencréac’h⁵  Justine Marchand³  Richard Gordon²  Benoît Schoefs³ 

[1] Department of Criminology & Forensic Science, School of Applied Sciences, Dr. H.S. Gour University (Central University), Sagar Madhya Pradesh, India; E-Mail:;Gulf Specimen Aquarium & Marine Laboratory, Panacea, FL 32346, USA;MicroMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML—FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France; E-Mails:;MicroMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML—FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, IUT de Laval, Rue des Drs Calmette et Guerin, 53020 Laval Cedex 9, France; E-Mail:;ChimiMar, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML—FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, IUT de Laval, Rue des Drs Calmette et Guerin, 53020 Laval Cedex 9, France; E-Mails:;Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, GA 31061, USA; E-Mail:

关键词: diatom;    biotechnology;    milking;    physiology;    stress;    biofuel;    secondary metabolites;   

DOI  :  10.3390/md13052629

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The rise of human populations and the growth of cities contribute to the depletion of natural resources, increase their cost, and create potential climatic changes. To overcome difficulties in supplying populations and reducing the resource cost, a search for alternative pharmaceutical, nanotechnology, and energy sources has begun. Among the alternative sources, microalgae are the most promising because they use carbon dioxide (CO₂) to produce biomass and/or valuable compounds. Once produced, the biomass is ordinarily harvested and processed (downstream program). Drying, grinding, and extraction steps are destructive to the microalgal biomass that then needs to be renewed. The extraction and purification processes generate organic wastes and require substantial energy inputs. Altogether, it is urgent to develop alternative downstream processes. Among the possibilities, milking invokes the concept that the extraction should not kill the algal cells. Therefore, it does not require growing the algae anew. In this review, we discuss research on milking of diatoms. The main themes are (a) development of alternative methods to extract and harvest high added value compounds; (b) design of photobioreactors; (c) biodiversity and (d) stress physiology, illustrated with original results dealing with oleaginous diatoms.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.